Particles 过 (Guo) 和了 (le)
Particles 过 (Guo) 和了 (le)
When the aspect particle ‘了’ is used after the verbal predicate, it indicates the completion of an action.
1) Sentence structure:
S + VP + 了+ O
比如说:
我看了这本书. Wo3 kan4 le zhe4 ben3 shu1. I already read this book.
他出去了. Ta1 chu1qu le. He went out already.
When particle ‘过’ is used after the verbal predicate, it indicates a certain experience in the past.
2) Sentence structure:
S + VP + 过+O (affirmative)
S + 没有 + VP + 过 + O
比如说:
我看过这本书. Wo3 kan4 guo zhe4 ben3 shu1. I had read this book.
我没有看过这本书. Wo3 mei2you kan4 guo zhe4 ben3 shu1. I have not read this book.
十年前 我去过西安 (affirmative). I went to Xian ten years ago.
我没有去过西安. (negative).
Please describe a person you saw before who was with unusual dressing.
b.1.) I saw a boy wearing skirt before
我以前看见一个 男子穿着一条裙子.
Wo3 yi3qian2 kan1jian4 yi4 ge nan2zi chuan1 zhe yi4 tiao2 qun2zi.
b.2) I saw a woman wearing a long earing, a big ring, a black spectacle, a red hat, and a big necklace.
我以前看见一个女人戴着一副长耳环,戴着一枚大戒指, 戴着一副黑眼镜,戴着一顶红帽子, 和 戴着一条大项链.
wo3 yi3qian2 kan1jian4 yi4 ge nu3 ren2 dai4 zhe yi4 fu2 chang2 er3huan2, dai4 zhe yi4 mei2 da4 jie4zhi3, dai4 zhe yi4 fu2 hei1 yan3jing4,dai4 zhe yi4 ding3 hong2 mao4zi, he1 dai4 zhe yi4 tiao2 da4 xiang4lian4.
请造一个句子用“说不过”
a). Please describe your dressing today
(今天请描述你的选矿 à jin4 tian1 qing3 xuan3kuang4 ni3 de xuan3kuang4)
a.1) I am wearing a pair of brown leather shoes today.
我今天穿着一双棕皮鞋
wo3 jin1tian1 chuan1 zhe yi4 shuang1 zong1 pi2xie2.
a.2) I am wearing a pair of spectacles today.
我今天戴着一副眼镜
wo3 jin1tian1 dai4 zhe yi1 fu4 yan2jing4.
a.3) I am wearing a black long pant today
我今天穿着一条裤子
wo3 jin1tian1 chuan1 zhe yi1 tiao2 ku4zi
a.4) I am not wear a wrist of watch today
我今天没有戴着一块手表
jin1tian1 wo3 mei2 you3 dai4 zhe yi4 kuai4 shou3biao3.
a.5) I am wearing a pair of black sock today
我今天穿着一双袜子.
wo3 jin1tian1 chuan1 yi4shuang1 wa4zi.
a.6) I am wearing a blue shirt today
我今穿着一件蓝衬衣.
wo3 jin1tian1 chuan1 zhe lan2 chen4yi1
a.7) Today, I am wearing/bringing a wallet in my right pant’s pocket but no money inside.
我今天代着钱包在我的右裤子的兜,但是没有钱.
Wo3 jin1tian1 dai4 zhe qian2bao1 zai wo3 de you2 ku4zi de dou1, dan4shi4 mei2 you3 qian2.
c). Please Make Two sentences using 说不过
请造一个句子用＂说不过＂．
- 今天他感冒了, 说不定他明天不来.
Yin1wei ta1 jin1 tian4 you3 liu2gan3, shuo1 bu1 ding4 ta1 bu4 lai2.
Since today he has flu, perhaps he will not come tomorrow.
- 说不定明天的天气会非常热.
Perhaps, tomorrow’s weather will be very hot.
Shou1 bu2 ding4, ming2tian1 de tian4chi1 hui4 fei4chang1 re4.
d.) Please make two sentences with “yi4 dian3r ye3 bu4…”
请造一个句子用：＂一点儿也不＂
d.1. Though he has been standing continuously for 8 hours, he is not tired at all.
虽然他 连续站着八个小时，他一点儿也不累．
Su1ran2 ta1 lian2xu4 zhan4 zhe ba1 ge xiao3shi2, ta1 yi4 dianr3 ye3 bu4 lei4.
d.2. Compared with Ms. Zhangziyi, she is not pretty at all.
比起Zhangzi yi 小姐， 她一点儿也不漂亮．
bi3qi3 Zhangzi yi xiao3jie1, ta1 yi4dianr3 ye3 bu4 piao1liang1.
I. Put the following into chinese
a) Today is not cold at all
今天一点儿也不冷
Jin1tian1 yi4 dianr3 ye3 bu4 leng3
b) Perhaps he is a crazyman
说不定他是疯子.
Shuo1 bu2 ding4 ta shi4 feng1zi.
c) He is standing in the show window
他站着在橱窗
Ta1 zhan4 zhe zai4 chu2chuang1
d) Where did you see him?
你在那儿看见他?
Ni3 zai4 nar3 kan4 jian4 ta1?
e) He must be an idiot
他必须是一个傻子.
Ta1 bi3xu1 shi yi4 ge sha3zi.
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